Table of Contents
- Accelerometer
- Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
- ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems)
- ADAS Blockage Code
- Aftermarket Parts
- Alignment
- Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB)
- Auto-Learn Calibration
- Back-Up Sensor
- Battery Maintainer
- Blind Spot Detection (BSD)
- Blind Spot Monitoring
- Calibration
- Calibration Frame
- Camera Sensor
- Collision Avoidance System
- Cross-Traffic Alert (CTA)
- Cross-Traffic Warning (CTW)
- Dash Cam (ADAS-Integrated)
- Defensive Driving Assist
- Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
- Dynamic Calibration
- Dual Calibration
- Driver Monitoring System (DMS)
- Forward Collision Warning (FCW)
- G-Sensor
- Grille-Mounted Radar
- Heads-Up Display (HUD)
- Height Gauge
- High Beam Assist
- Insurance Reimbursement
- Lane Centering Assist (LCA)
- Lane Departure Warning (LDW)
- Lane Keep Assist (LKA)
- LiDAR
- Long-Range Radar
- Medium-Range Radar (MRR)
- Night Vision Camera
- Occupant Classification System (OCS)
- OEM Position Statement
- Parking Assist
- Pedestrian Automatic Emergency Braking (PAEB)
- Pedestrian Detection
- Post-Scan
- Pre-Scan
- Proximity Sensors
- Radar Sensor
- Rear Cross Traffic Alert (RCA)
- Recalibration
- Reflector (for Blind Spot Calibration)
- Sensor Alignment
- Scan Report
- Short-Range Radar (SRR)
- Side View Camera
- Static Calibration
- Steering Angle Sensor
- Surround View Camera / 360° Camera
- Tape Measure Calibration
- Target Board
- Test Drive Verification
- Thermal / Infrared (IR) Sensor
- Thrust Angle
- Triple Calibration
- Ultrasonic Sensor
- Vehicle Calibration Report
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Windshield Calibration
- Work Order Verification
- Yaw Rate Sensor
Accelerometer
A sensor that measures acceleration forces. Often used with yaw rate sensors to support electronic stability and traction control systems.
Why it matters: Calibration may be necessary after suspension or frame repairs. Often part of dynamic safety systems.
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
A cruise control system that automatically adjusts a vehicle’s speed to maintain a safe distance from the car ahead. Uses radar and cameras to monitor traffic flow.
Why it matters: A misaligned sensor can cause the system to brake or accelerate unexpectedly. Calibration is required after front-end repairs or sensor replacement.
ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems)
A suite of safety technologies designed to assist drivers with tasks like braking, steering, and parking. Common features include lane keeping, automatic emergency braking, and blind spot monitoring.
Why it matters: Most modern vehicles include ADAS. Proper calibration after collisions, repairs, and part replacements is critical for safety and liability protection.
ADAS Blockage Code
A diagnostic trouble code (DTC) triggered when a sensor’s view is obstructed by dirt, damage, or improper mounting.
Why it matters: Indicates that ADAS features may be offline or inaccurate until the blockage is resolved and the system is recalibrated.
Aftermarket Parts
Vehicle components not made by the original equipment manufacturer (OEM). These may or may not meet the same specifications as OEM parts.
Why it matters: Using aftermarket parts can affect calibration accuracy or invalidate OEM guidelines, especially for sensors and cameras.
Alignment
The process of adjusting a vehicle’s suspension so the wheels are set to the correct angles, which impacts ride quality and sensor accuracy.
Why it matters: Many ADAS systems depend on proper alignment. A calibration may be required after an alignment, especially for systems that rely on steering angle sensors.
Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB)
A system that automatically applies the brakes if a forward collision seems imminent and the driver doesn’t respond in time.
Why it matters: AEB depends on radar and camera inputs. Calibration is needed after repairs involving the bumper, windshield, or sensors.
Auto-Learn Calibration
A self-calibrating process where the ADAS system adjusts automatically through normal driving conditions without the need for a scan tool.
Why it matters: Found on some OEM systems. Shops should know when a manual calibration isn't required, but documentation is still recommended.
Back-Up Sensor
A sensor, usually ultrasonic, located in the rear bumper to detect obstacles while reversing.
Why it matters: Calibration or sensor aiming may be needed after bumper repairs or sensor replacement.
Battery Maintainer
A device that keeps a vehicle’s battery at an optimal voltage during repairs or calibrations.
Why it matters: Low voltage can cause calibration errors or incomplete software updates. Always connect a maintainer during ADAS work.
Blind Spot Detection (BSD)
An ADAS feature that uses radar, ultrasonic sensors, or cameras to monitor areas outside the driver’s view, typically the rear sides of the vehicle.
Why it matters: Alerts drivers to vehicles in adjacent lanes and helps prevent unsafe lane changes. Recalibration is needed after mirror, bumper, or radar repairs.
Blind Spot Monitoring
Alerts the driver when a vehicle is in their blind spot, often using radar sensors in the rear bumper.
Why it matters: If the system isn’t properly calibrated, it may give false alerts—or none at all. Recalibration is often required after bumper or side panel repairs.
Calibration
The process of realigning sensors and cameras so that ADAS features work as intended.
Why it matters: Any disruption to a sensor—due to a collision, windshield replacement, alignment, or suspension repair—may require calibration to restore safety functions.
Calibration Frame
A specialized tool used in static ADAS calibrations to precisely position targets relative to the vehicle.
Why it matters: Proper target placement is the first step of successful calibration. Even slight misalignment can result in a failed or inaccurate calibration.
Camera Sensor
A visual sensor—usually mounted behind the windshield, in the grille, or on mirrors—used to detect lane markings, vehicles, and pedestrians. Can be monocular or stereo, depending on the system.
Why it matters: A small misalignment can compromise multiple ADAS features. Recalibration is required after windshield replacements or any front-end repair.
Collision Avoidance System
A general term for systems that help prevent or mitigate crashes, including AEB, lane keep assist, and blind spot monitoring.
Why it matters: Each component in the system relies on properly functioning and calibrated sensors. Post-repair recalibration is a must.
Cross-Traffic Alert (CTA)
A system that detects approaching vehicles or objects when backing out of a parking space. Uses rear radar or ultrasonic sensors.
Why it matters: Helps prevent collisions in low-visibility reversing situations. May require recalibration after bumper or sensor replacement.
Cross-Traffic Warning (CTW)
A broader version of CTA that may include additional visual or audio alerts based on proximity or speed of cross-traffic.
Why it matters: Recalibration or sensor aiming is required after relevant repairs to ensure accuracy and timely alerts.
Dash Cam (ADAS-Integrated)
A dashboard-mounted camera that records driving footage and sometimes integrates with ADAS features like lane departure alerts or forward collision warnings.
Why it matters: While not a calibration tool itself, some dash cams can interfere with or be affected by ADAS sensors if improperly installed.
Defensive Driving Assist
An umbrella term for ADAS features that help drivers avoid risky behavior, such as lane-keeping assist, forward collision alerts, and driver attention monitoring.
Why it matters: These systems rely on sensor accuracy. Any disruption from a repair or parts replacement may require recalibration.
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
An alphanumeric code generated by the vehicle’s computer when a fault is detected, including ADAS-related issues.
Why it matters: DTCs often guide pre- and post-scan processes and can signal when a calibration is needed.
Dynamic Calibration
A calibration done on the road while driving under specific conditions. The system uses live data like vehicle speed and steering angle to realign sensors. Requires clear lane markings and may fail if DTCs are present.
Why it matters: Commonly used for front-facing cameras. Requires clear road markings and steady speed, and ideal conditions aren’t always guaranteed.
Dual Calibration
A process where both static and dynamic calibrations are required for full sensor alignment. Often specified by OEMs and may include steering angle resets or yaw rate checks.
Why it matters: Overlooking one method can lead to incomplete calibration and safety issues. Always follow OEM procedures.
Driver Monitoring System (DMS)
An ADAS feature that tracks driver alertness and attention, often using an inward-facing camera.
Why it matters: Becoming more common in newer vehicles and may require calibration if interior components are repaired or replaced.
Forward Collision Warning (FCW)
Warns the driver of a potential crash with a vehicle or object ahead. Often pairs with Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) and uses camera and radar data.
Why it matters: A misaligned camera or radar sensor can reduce the system’s effectiveness or trigger false alerts. Calibration is required after front-end repairs.
G-Sensor
Measures gravitational forces and works alongside accelerometers and yaw rate sensors for dynamic vehicle systems.
Why it matters: May need to be reset or calibrated after suspension, alignment, or frame work.
Grille-Mounted Radar
Radar sensors located behind the vehicle’s front grille, often used for adaptive cruise control and collision avoidance.
Why it matters: Even slight front-end impacts or part replacements can affect the sensor’s aim. Calibration or aiming is often necessary afterward.
Heads-Up Display (HUD)
A projection system that displays vehicle data (like speed or ADAS alerts) on the windshield.
Why it matters: While not directly part of ADAS, a misaligned HUD or windshield replacement can affect visibility or accuracy of ADAS warnings.
Height Gauge
A measurement tool used to verify the height of cameras or targets from the shop floor during static calibration.
Why it matters: Ensures accurate target placement—especially critical in OEM-specified setups.
High Beam Assist
Automatically toggles high beams on and off based on oncoming traffic and ambient light.
Why it matters: Relies on forward-facing cameras. Calibration is typically needed after camera replacement or windshield repair.
Insurance Reimbursement
The process of obtaining payment from insurance companies for ADAS calibration and repair services.
Why it matters: Proper documentation and adherence to calibration procedures are vital to receiving timely, full reimbursement.
Lane Centering Assist (LCA)
An advanced form of lane keeping that continuously keeps the vehicle centered between lane markings using steering input.
Why it matters: Relies on high-precision camera input and steering sensors. Recalibration is required after alignment, suspension, or camera-related repairs.
Lane Departure Warning (LDW)
A system that alerts drivers when the vehicle begins to drift out of its lane without signaling.
Why it matters: Relies on forward-facing cameras; calibration is necessary after windshield replacements or front-end repairs.
Lane Keep Assist (LKA)
An ADAS feature that provides corrective steering inputs to keep the vehicle within its lane.
Why it matters: Keeps the vehicle centered in its lane; calibration is required after steering or suspension work.
LiDAR
A sensing technology that uses laser pulses to create detailed 3D maps of the vehicle's surroundings.
Why it matters: Important for advanced ADAS functions; requires precise calibration to maintain accuracy.
Long-Range Radar
Radar systems capable of detecting objects at greater distances. Used in features like adaptive cruise control.
Why it matters: Necessary for high-speed object detection; calibration guarantees proper function after sensor replacement.
Medium-Range Radar (MRR)
Radar sensors with a detection range between 40–150 meters. Commonly used for rear collision warnings and cross-traffic alerts.
Why it matters: Found in rear or side-mounted locations. Calibration is needed after alignment or repairs to the rear body panels.
Night Vision Camera
A camera system, often infrared-based, that enhances a driver's view in low-light conditions by detecting heat signatures.
Why it matters: Found in high-end vehicles. Requires precise alignment and may need recalibration after grille or windshield repairs.
Occupant Classification System (OCS)
A system that detects the presence and weight of passengers to control airbag deployment.
Why it matters: Makes sure airbags deploy appropriately; recalibration may be needed after seat repairs or replacements.
OEM Position Statement
Official guidelines from vehicle manufacturers regarding repair and calibration procedures.
Why it matters: Following OEM guidelines is imperative for maintaining vehicle safety and insurance compliance.
Parking Assist
An ADAS feature that aids drivers in parking by providing guidance or automated control.
Why it matters: Relies on multiple sensors; calibration maintains accuracy after repairs that affect these systems.
Pedestrian Automatic Emergency Braking (PAEB)
A variation of AEB designed to detect pedestrians, cyclists, or animals and automatically apply the brakes.
Why it matters: Often uses camera and radar fusion. Requires calibration after camera, sensor, or bumper work.
Pedestrian Detection
An ADAS feature that identifies and reacts to pedestrians in the vehicle's path, often integrated into AEB systems.
Why it matters: Relies on camera and radar input. Calibration is required after sensor movement or windshield replacement.
Post-Scan
A final scan performed after repairs to ensure no fault codes remain. Confirms calibration success and generates documentation for the customer or insurer.
Why it matters: Verifies successful repairs and calibrations; documents vehicle status for insurance purposes.
Pre-Scan
A diagnostic scan done before any work begins to detect existing issues or DTCs. Helps document the vehicle’s condition and justify calibrations—important for insurance and liability.
Why it matters: Helps in assessing the vehicle's condition and determining the scope of work required.
Proximity Sensors
Sensors that detect nearby objects, commonly used in parking assist systems.
Why it matters: Guides safe maneuvering in tight spaces; calibration is necessary after sensor-related repairs.
Radar Sensor
Uses radio waves to detect the distance and speed of nearby objects. Can be long-range (adaptive cruise control) or short-range (blind spot). Often mounted behind the grille or in the bumpers.
Why it matters: Misaligned sensors can compromise system performance. Calibration is necessary after repairs affecting sensor positioning.
Rear Cross Traffic Alert (RCA)
A system that alerts drivers to approaching vehicles or objects when reversing out of a parking spot or driveway. Typically uses rear radar or ultrasonic sensors.
Why it matters: Passive in most vehicles. Provides audio/visual alerts but may not apply brakes. Requires recalibration after rear bumper or sensor-related repairs.
Recalibration
The process of realigning and testing ADAS components to verify proper functionality after maintenance or repairs.
Why it matters: Confirms all ADAS features operate correctly to maintain vehicle safety and performance.
Reflector (for Blind Spot Calibration)
A special tool used during rear radar calibration procedures—particularly in systems that don’t rely on traditional targets.
Why it matters: OEM-specific. Required for accurate radar aiming and blind spot calibration.
Sensor Alignment
Adjusting the positioning of sensors to match manufacturer specifications and accurately collect data.
Why it matters: Proper alignment is vital for the effectiveness of ADAS features; misalignment can lead to incorrect system responses.
Scan Report
A summary generated from a pre-scan or post-scan that lists system faults, DTCs, and module status.
Why it matters: Provides documentation for insurance and proof of proper calibration work.
Short-Range Radar (SRR)
A radar sensor used for detecting nearby vehicles or objects, typically with a range of 10–40 meters.
Why it matters: Commonly used in blind spot detection and rear cross-traffic alerts. Requires aiming and calibration after bumper or panel repairs.
Side View Camera
Cameras mounted on the vehicle's sides to increase visibility and assist in lane-changing maneuvers.
Why it matters: Calibration may be required after mirror or camera housing repairs to maintain accurate imaging.
Static Calibration
A calibration performed in a controlled shop environment with the vehicle stationary. Uses targets placed at OEM-specified distances and angles, often with the help of a calibration frame or laser tools.
Why it matters: Makes sure sensors are precisely aligned; often mandated by manufacturers after specific repairs.
Steering Angle Sensor
Measures how far the steering wheel is turned. Calibration or reset is required after alignments, steering repairs, or any time the sensor is moved.
Why it matters: Calibration is necessary after alignment or suspension work to verify accurate system inputs.
Surround View Camera / 360° Camera
Uses multiple vehicle-mounted cameras to create a top-down image of the car’s surroundings.
Why it matters: Each camera must be individually calibrated after body work, mirror replacement, or camera removal.
Tape Measure Calibration
A calibration procedure using manual distance measurements rather than a laser-guided frame. Common in Subaru and other OEM setups.
Why it matters: Requires precision and understanding of target alignment without relying on advanced digital tools.
Target Board
A printed visual marker used during static calibrations to give sensors a reference point. Target type and placement depend on the OEM and specific system being calibrated.
Why it matters: Essential for static calibration procedures; ensures sensors are calibrated to detect objects accurately.
Test Drive Verification
Conducting a road test after calibration to confirm the proper functioning of ADAS features.
Why it matters: Validates calibration efforts and makes sure the vehicle's safety systems are operational before returning to the customer.
Thermal / Infrared (IR) Sensor
Sensors that detect heat signatures (thermal) or reflect infrared light (IR) to identify objects in low-visibility conditions.
Why it matters: Used in night vision and pedestrian detection systems. May be affected by weather, debris, or mounting issues, and require recalibration if disturbed.
Thrust Angle
The direction a vehicle is actually moving, based on rear axle alignment. Important for radar and camera accuracy.
Why it matters: If the thrust angle is off, the vehicle may "think" it's pointed straight when it isn’t—affecting ADAS accuracy.
Triple Calibration
When a vehicle requires static, dynamic, and a steering angle calibration for a complete ADAS reset.
Why it matters: Skipping one step can result in incomplete calibration and failed verification tests.
Ultrasonic Sensor
Short-range sensors that emit ultrasonic waves to detect nearby objects. Commonly used for parking assist. Usually found in front and rear bumpers, with multiple sensors per zone.
Why it matters: Calibration maintains accurate detection and distance measurement, which is vital for low-speed maneuvers.
Vehicle Calibration Report
A document detailing the calibration process, results, and any diagnostic trouble codes encountered.
Why it matters: Provides a record for quality assurance and may be required for insurance claims.
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
Monitors wheel or transmission speed to feed data into ADAS and drivetrain systems.
Why it matters: VSS data is critical for dynamic calibration. Faults may trigger DTCs or prevent calibrations from completing.
Windshield Calibration
The process of calibrating cameras and sensors mounted on or near the windshield after replacement or repair.
Why it matters: Verifies systems like lane departure warning and forward collision warning function correctly post-repair.
Work Order Verification
Process of confirming that all calibration-related work was performed and recorded, often for insurer or customer assurance.
Why it matters: Helps prove that OEM procedures were followed and that calibrations were completed correctly.
Yaw Rate Sensor
Measures the vehicle's angular velocity around its vertical axis and aids in stability control.
Why it matters: Calibration is necessary after suspension or structural repairs to maintain accurate stability assessments.
